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Bloody Sunday 21 November 1920

21 November 1920.

Bloody Sunday was a day of violence in Dublin on 21 November 1920, during the Irish War of Independence. More than 30 people were killed or fatally wounded.

The day began with an Irish Republican Army operation, organised by Michael Collins, to assassinate members of the “Cairo Gang” – a group of undercover British intelligence agents working and living in Dublin. IRA operatives went to a number of addresses and killed or fatally wounded 15 men. Most were British Army officers, one was a Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) sergeant, and two were Auxiliaries responding to the attacks. At least two civilians were killed, but the status of some of those killed is unclear. Five others were wounded.

Later that afternoon, British forces (the RIC, Auxiliaries and British Army) raided a Gaelic football match in Croke Park. Without provocation, these forces opened fire on the spectators and players, killing or fatally wounding fourteen civilians and wounding at least sixty others. The massacre further turned Irish public against the British authorities.

That evening, two Irish republicans (Dick McKee and Peadar Clancy) who had helped plan the earlier assassinations, along with a civilian (Conor Clune) who happened to be caught with the others, were beaten and shot dead in Dublin Castle by their British captors, who claimed they were killed during an escape attempt.

Overall, Bloody Sunday was considered a victory for the IRA, as Collins’s operation severely damaged British intelligence, while the later reprisals did no real harm to the guerrillas but increased support for the IRA at home and abroad.

Written by Maraaz

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